From: scivw@hitl.washington.edu Subject: ADMIN: HMD FAQ - DRAFT - Part Two Date: December 13, 1995 Organization: Human Interface Technology Laboratory ************DRAFT*********** Head Mounted Displays FAQ - Part Two **************************** Archive-name: virtual-worlds/hmd-faq Posting-frequency: every 30 days Last-modified: Wednesday, December 13, 1995 URL: ftp://ftp.hitl.washington.edu/pub/scivw/hmd-faq sci.virtual-worlds introduction Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) The latest edition of this FAQ can always be retrieved from Subject: -3- Product List 3D-Max Display: LCD shutter glasses Price: $200 Vendor: 3D-Max 2001 Video Visor Display: active matrix LCD Resolution: 428 x 244 pixels Field of view: 30 (H) x 22.5 (V) Overlap: 100 % Weight: less than 14 oz. Price: approx. $795 Vendor: Astounding Technologies 7th Sense Display: single LCD Resolution: 216 x 145 pixels Field of view: 57(H) x 47(V) Audio: stereo earphones and microphone built in Tracking: 3DOF sourceless tracker built-in Weight: 28 ounces Price: $400 Vendor: All Pro Atari IVR Display: single LCD Resolution: 209 x 167 pixels Field of View: 50 (H) x 40 (V) Video/Interface: designed to interface with Atari Jaguar Price: $200 Vendor: Virtuality BOOM3C (color), BOOM(mono) Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels Field of View: 140 (H) x 90 (V) Tracking: 6DOF tracking, optomechanical Price: $95,000 BOOM3C, $75,000 BOOM3M Vendor: FakeSpace BOOMD3C (color), BOOMD3M (mono) Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels Field of View: 140(H) x 90 (V) Tracking: 2DOF (pan and tilt), optomechanical Price: $45,000 BOOMD3C, $25,000 BOOMD3M Vendor: FakeSpace CHECK MATE 100 Display: dual active matrix LCD Resolution: 2481 x 684 pixels Field of View: 120 (H) x 40 (V) Overlap: 100% Weight: approx. 19 ounces Price: $41,050 Vendor: RPI ATG ClearVue Display: monchrome CRT with LC filters Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels Field of view: 80 (H) x 40 (V) Overlap: 30 degrees Weight: 3 lbs, 5 oz. Price: $100,000 Vendor: Hughes Training CyberEye CE-200N Display: dual active matrix LCD Resolution: 789 x 230 pixels Field of view: 22.5 (H) x 16.8 (V) Overlap: 100 % overlap Weight: 14 oz. Price: $1,895 Vendor: General Reality CyberEye CE-200W Display: dual active matrix LCD Resolution: 789 x 230 pixels Field of view: 35 (H) x 26 (V) Overlap: 100 % Weight: 14 oz. Price: $1,995 Vendor: General Reality CyberEye ACE-200N Display: dual active matrix LCD Resolution: 789 x 230 pixels Field of view: 35 (H) x 26 (V) Overlap: 100% Weight: 16 oz. Price: $2,595 Vendor: General Reality CyberFace 2 Display: single large-format LCD, divergent axis Resolution: 385 x 119 pixels Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL composite or RGB Field of View: 140 (H) x 110(V) Tracking: not included Weight: 32 ounces Price: $10,500 Vendor: LEEP Systems CyberFace 3 Display: single large-format LCD, head-coupled Resolution: 480 x 120 pixels Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL composite or RGB Audio: stereo earphones Field of View: 80 (H) x 60 (V) Tracking: mechanical, 3DOF Weight: arm Price: $17,105 Vendor: LEEP Systems CyberFace 4 Display: single large-format LCD, head-coupled Resolution: 640 x 480 pixels Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL composite or RGB Field of View: 80(H) x 60(V) Audio: stereo earphones Tracking: mechanical, 3DOF Weight: arm Price: $18,400 Vendor: LEEP Systems CyberFace 5 - LEEP Systems Display: quad LCD, triple acuity Resolution: 1170 x 202 pixels Field of View: 140 (H) x 110 (V) Note: being developed under contract to NASA Price: $45,000 (estimated) Vendor: LEEP Systems CyberMaxx Display: two 0.7" colour active matrix LCDs Resolution: 267 x 225 pixels, 120,000 pixels per LCD panel Video/Interface: VGA, Macintosh, NTSC, PAL Field of View: 56 (H) x 42 (V) Stereo: Non-Field sequential Audio: Stereo RCA connectors (headphones included) Overlap: 100 % Tracking: 3 DOF, 360 degrees yaw, +/-45 degrees pitch/yaw Weight: 14 oz. Price: $889 Vendor: VictorMaxx Datavisor 9ci and 10x Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels Field of View: 50 (H) x 37(V) Overlap: 0-100 adjustable Tracking: optional Weight: 3.5 pounds Price: $64,000 10x, $56,000 9ci Vendor: nVISION dVISOR Display:active matrix color LCD Resolution: 345 x 259 pixels Field of view: 105 (H) x 41 (V) Overlap: 40 degrees Weight: 80 oz. Price: $6, 900 Vendor: Division Eyephone NewHRX Display: dual 3 inch LCDs, with 43 degrees overlap Resolution: 920 x 480 pixels Field of View: 110 (H) x 77 (V) Video/Interface: NTSC, VGA optional Tracking: Polhemus optional Weight: 3 pounds Price: $70-90,000 Vendor: Nissho Electronics Fiber-Optic HMD Display: CRT projector through fiber optics Resolution: pixel size: 6.6 background, 2.2 inset; pixel structure: 1.2 million pixels distributed between inset and background Field of view: 120 degrees (H) x 55 degrees (V) Overlap: 25 degrees Weight: approx. 4.5 lbs. Price: by quotation Vendor: CAE Electronica FS2 Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels; field sequential color; pixel size depends on optics module Field of view: 30-140 degress (H) x 90 degrees (V) Overlap: 100% Tracking: 6DOF optomechanical Price: $95,000 Vendor: Fakespace Full Immersion HMD-1 Display: 6 LCDs per eye Resolution: 1153 x 300 pixels Field of view: 155 (H) x 40 (V) Overlap: 40 degrees Tracking: Polhemus optional Weight: 36 oz. Price: contact vendor Vendor: Kaiser Electro-Optics HIGH VIEW 180 Display: dual active matrix LCD Resolution: 827 x 428 pixels Field of View: 25 (H) x 19 (V) Overlap: 100 % Weight: 4 ounces Price: $1,850 Vendor: RPI ATG HMD Model 975B Display: dual LCD Resolution: 316 x 230 pixels Field of View: 55.2 (H) x 36 (V) Overlap: 85% Tracking: optional Weight: 33 ounces Price: $9975 Vendor: RPI-ATG HMS-EYE2 Display: dual LCD Resolution: 316 x 230 pixels (at 85% overlap) Field of View: 55.2 (H) x 36 (V) Overlap: 70%, 80%, 85% options Video/Interface: dual NTSC Tracking: optional Weight: greater than 16 ounces Price: $1850 Vendor: RPI-ATG HMSI Micro Model 900 Display: dual LCD Resolution: 473 x 218 pixels Field of View: 65(H) x 40 (V) Overlap: 100% Video/Interface: dual NTSC or RGB encoded to NTSC Tracking: tracker optional Weight: 4 ounces Price: $3,500, prototype only; built to order Vendor: RPI-ATG HOPROS Display: dual CRT, see through Resolution: 640 x 480 pixels Field of View: 20 (H) x 20 (V) Video/Interface: PAL, NTCS optional Tracking: head and eye tracking technology under develpment Weight: approx. 28 ounces Price: $7,000 stereo, $3,000 mono Vendor: OIP i-glasses! Display: 2 full color 0.7" LCDs, see through optional Resolution: ; 789 x 230 pixels Field of view: 30 degrees each eye, 2.25 degrees (H) x 19 degress (V) Overlap: 100% stereo Video/Interface: one RCA connector Audio: Stereo, 1 volt peak-to-peak, Frequency response 20Hz-20kHz , 3-D audio spatialization Tracking: HEAD TRACKER 3 degrees of freedom: pitch, roll and yaw , 250 Hz sample rate Weight: 8 ounces Price: $799, $599 video only Vendor: Virtual i-O, Inc. MedView Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 960 pixels Field of view: 30(H) x 30(V) Tracking: 6DOF optomechanical Notes: Interface is RGB sequential, compatible with SGI RealityEngine. Price: $95,000 Vendor: Fakespace Mobile Assistant Head-Set Display: monocular LCD, monochrome or color Resolution: 640 x 480 pixels Field of View: 26 (H) x 19 (V) Tracking: none Video/Interface: VGA/SVGA Weight: 10 ounces Notes: available for right or left eye Price: $1000 monocrhrome, $1500 color Vendor: Kopin MRG 2.2 Display: single large format LCD Resolution: 240 x 240 pixels Field of View: 84 (H) x 65 (V) Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL composite/analog RGB Tracking: accomodates all Ascension and Polhemus trackers Weight: 4 pounds Price: $3,495 Vendor: Liquid Image MRG3C - Liquid Image Display: single large format LCD Resolution: 256 x 556 pixels Field of View: 84 (H) x 65 (V) Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL, analog RGB Weight: 4 pounds Price: $5,500 Vendor: Liquid Image MRG4 - Liquid Image Display: single large format LCD Resolution: 160 x 234 pixels Field of View: 61 (H) x 46 (V) Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL, analog RGB Weight: 2 pounds Price: $2,199 Vendor: Liquid Image MRG5 - Liquid Image Display: dual LCD Resolution: 256 x 480 pixels Field of View: 50 (H) x n/d (V) Video/Interface: NTSC/PAL, analog RGB Tracking: accommodates all Ascension and Polhemus trackers Weight: 1.2 pounds Price: contact vendor Vendor: Liquid Image PIVOT Display: dual CRT Resolution: > 1280 x 1024 pixels Field of View: 30-140 degress (H) x 90 degrees (V) Overlap: 100% Price: $45,000 FTP: ftp://www.hitl.washington.edu/pub/scivw/commercial/FakeSpace/Fakesp ace-Pivot Vendor: Fakespace See-Thru-Armor Display: dual LCD Resolution: 284 x 213 pixels Field of View: 40 (H) x 30 (V) Overlap: 100% Tracking: 2-6 DOF sourceless tracker offered Video/Interface: RS170, RGB optional Vendor: Vista Controls Silicon Window 3C Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels Field of View: 60 (H) x 65 (V) Overlap: 100% Tracking: mechanical, desk-mounted Weight: arm Price: $59,000 Vendor: RPI-ATG SIM EYE 40- Kaiser Electro-Optics Display: dual CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels/LCD (at 50% overlap) Field of view: 60 (H) x 40 (V) Overlap: 50 or (100 % overlap, fov is 40 degrees circular) Video/Interface: monochrome, composite video from RS-170 to 1280 x 1024 non-interlaced; color, composite field sequential video from RS-170 to 1280 x 1024 2:1 interlaced. Tracking: optional Weight: 4.5 pounds Price: $145, 000 SIM EYE 60 Display: field sequential CRT Resolution: 1280 x 1024 pixels/LCD Field of view: 100 (H) x 60 (V) Overlap: 20 degrees Weight:5.2 pounds Price: $165, 000 Vendor: Kaiser Electro-Optics STV-01 Display: monochrome CRTs with color wheels Resolution: 600 x 480 pixels Field of View: 48-60 (H) x 36 (V) Overlap: 100 % Price: 3,750,000 yen Vendor: Shimadzu Corporation Video Visor Display: dual LCD Resolution: 215 x 162 pixels Field of view: 30 (H) x 22.5 (V) Overlap: 100% Weight: 16 ounces Price: $795 Vendor: Astounding Technologies VIM 1000HRpv - Kaiser Electro-Optics Display: 4 active matrix LCDs Resolution: 800 x 225 pixels/LCD Field of view: 100 (H) x 30(V) Overlap: 67% Weight: 26 ounces Price: $7,995 Vendor: Kaiser Electro-Optics VIM 500pv Display: dual LCD Resolution: 237 x 225 pixels Field of view: 40 (H) x 30(V) Tracking: Polhemus optional Overlap: 100% Price: $3,495 Vendor: Kaiser Electro-Optics VIM 3/EYE Display: 3 LCDs per eye Resolution: 1380 x 640 pixels Video/Interface: Interface is six composite NTSC video inputs Field of view: 116 (H) x 30 (V) Audio: includes stereo headphones Tracking: Polhemus optional Price: contact vendor Vendor: Kaiser Electro-Optics Virtual Reality High-Res. Color HMD133 Display: field sequential CRT Resolution: 1280 x 960 pixels Field of View: 40 (H) x 30 (V) Overlap: 100% Tracking: tracker mounts provided Note: connects to SGI RealityEngine field sequential interface Weight: approx. 3 pounds Price: $40,000 Vendor: Virtual Reality Inc. VFX-1 Display: dual LCD Resolution: 278 x 204 pixesl Field of view: 48 (H) x 35.2 (V) Overlap: adjustable up to 100% Tracking: proprietary 3DOF sourceless ÒVirtual Oreintation SystemÓ Weight: 16-24 ounces Price: $995 Vendor: Forte Technologies Visette 2000 Pro Display: dual LCD Resolution: 252 x 244 pixels Overlap: 100%, 75% or 60% overlap Field of view: 60 (H) x 46.8 (V) Audio: microphone and stereo earphones included Tracking: includes Polhemus tracker Price: designed to interface to Virtuality's entertainment system, not priced separately Vendor: Virtuality Vista Vision Display: monocular active matrix LCD Resolution: 640 x 480 pixels (monochrome), 789 x 230 pixels (color) Field of View: 32 (H) x 24 (V) Overlap: 100% Video/Interface: monocular, color, NTSC Price: $12,500 Vendor: Vista Controls VR4 Display: dual active matrix LCDs Resolution: 742 x 230 pixels Overlap: 100% or 85% Field of view: 48 (H) x 36 (V) Video/Interface: video or RGB Audio: stereo earphones included Tracking: supports standard trackers Price: approx. $7,900 Vendor: Virtual Research Systems VR4000 Display: dual LCD Resolution: 732 x 230 pixels Field of view: 30 (H) x 22.5 (V) Overlap: 100% Video/Interface: video/RGB Audio: stereo audio system is off-ear Tracking: supports standard trackers Price: contact vendor Vendor: Virtual Research Systems VR5 Display: dual CRT, with color shutters Resolution: 640 x 480 pixels Field of view: 42.4 (H) x 31.8 (V) Video/Interface: RS170, RGB, option to accept filed sequential Tracking: supports standard trackers Weight: about 2 pounds Price: approx. $20,000 Vendor: Virtual Research Subject: -4- References (1995, May). Headmounted Displays. VR News, 4(4), pp. 20-29. (1995, August). Head Mounted Display Survey: A Comprehensive Round-Up of Products. Real Time Graphics, 4(2), pp. 8-13. Bolas, M.T., McDowall, I.E., Mead, R.X., Lorimer, E.R. , Hackbush, J.E. and Greuel, C. (1995). Alternative display and interaction devices. In Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems II, vol. 2409 (pp. 211-219). Bellingham, WA: SPIE. Delaney, B. (1993, September). A Survey of Head Mounted Displays. Virtual Reality '93: Fall Special Report. AI Expert, pp. 21-24. King, D. (1993, November). Heads Up. Computer Graphics World, 16(11), pp. 41-46. Hezel, P.J. and Veron, H. (1993). Head Mounted Displays for Virtual Reality. in Proceedings of Society for Information Display, 1993 International Symposium, Digest of Technical Papers, Vol. XXIV. (p. 909-911). Playa del Rey, CA: Society for Information Display Wells, M. J. and Haas, M. (1992). The Human Factors of Helmet-Mounted Displays and Sights. In M. Karim (Ed.), Electro-Optical Displays . (pp. 743- 785). New York: Marcel Dekker. Wickens, C. D., Todd, S. and Seidler, K. (1989). Three-Dimensional Displays: Perception, Implementation, Applications. (CSERIAC SOAR-89-01). Wright- Patterson Air Force Base, OH: CSERIAC. Hashimoto, Y. Yamamoto, M. Asaida, T. (1995, July). Cameras and display systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE. vol.83, no.7. pp. 1032-43. Subject: -5- WWW sites, Conferences, Societies EiNet GALAXY, Optics and Photonics Vision Science: The Virtual Library Yahoo Science: Engineering: Optical Engineering Optical Society of America, 2010 Massachusettes Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20036-1023. OpticsNet - Optics and photonics research, applications, and industry news. Society of Information Display http://www.garlic.com/sid/ SID Symposium Ô96 - May 12-17, 1996, San Diego, CA http://www.garlic.com/sid/sidcall.html EURO DISPLAY '96, 16th International Display Research Conference: http:// www.garlic.com/sid/100196.html * The 16th International Display Research Conference, October 1-3, 1996 * International Active Matrix Workshop: September 30, 1996 * Electronic Information Display Exhibition: October 1-3, 1996, Metropole Hotel, Birmingham, England SPIE -The International Society for Optical Engineering http://www.spie.org SPIE conferences are identified by volume number, below are some relevant conferences: volume 1988 - Display Systems: High-Resolution and Large Screen Displays and Helmet, Head-Up, and Head-Down Displays (C T Bartlett/M D Cowan) volume 2218 Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays and Symbology Design Requirements (R J Lewandowski/W Stephens/L A Haworth) 382pg/38pp, (Jun 1994) volume 2465 Helmet- and Head-Mounted Displays and Symbology Design Requirements II (R J Lewandowski/W Stephens/L A Haworth) 308pg/28pp, (May 1995) volume 1695 Helmet-Mounted Displays III (T M Lippert 190pg/21pp, (Oct 1992 volume 1457 Stereoscopic Displays and Applications II (J O Merritt/S S Fisher) 356pg/36pp, (Aug 1991 volume 1669 Stereoscopic Displays and Applications III (J O Merritt/S S Fisher) 280pg/28pp, (Jun 1992) volume 1915 Stereoscopic Displays and Applications IV (J O Merritt/S S Fisher) 194pg/20pp, (Sep 1993) volume 2177 Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems (S S Fisher/J O Merritt/M T Bolas) 428pg/47pp, (Apr 1994 volume 2409 Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems II (S S Fisher/J O Merritt/M T Bolas) 320pg/37pp, (Mar 1995) volume 2653 Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems III (S S Fisher/J O Merritt/M T Bolas) pg/47pp, (May 1996) Subject: -6- Credits This FAQ was a great learning experience. I want to thank Joel Kollin, Bob Burnstein and Paul Schwartz for taking a look at my work. I also want to thank Mike Bevan of VR News and Roy Latham of Real Time Graphics. Without the original information that they produce _annually_, this wouldn't exist. This FAQ was prepared by Toni Emerson, temerson@hitl.washington.edu copyright 1995 Human Interface Technology Laboratory